NOTE 7 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

2018 Stock Incentive Plan

On June 8, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”). The 2018 Plan provided for the issuance of up to 132,000 shares of common stock. With the adoption of the 2019 Plan (as defined below), no further grants may be made under the 2018 Plan.

2019 Stock Incentive Plan

On May 3, 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp. 2019 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”).

Under the terms of the 2019 Plan, the Company may issue (1) stock options (incentive and nonstatutory), (2) restricted stock, (3) SARs, (4) RSUs, (5) other stock-based awards, and (6) cash-based awards. The 2019 Plan provides for the issuance of up to 1,400,000 shares of common stock, which amount will be increased to the extent that awards granted under the 2019 Plan and the Plans are forfeited, expire or are settled for cash (except as otherwise provided in the 2019 Plan). The Board of Directors determines the exercise price, vesting and expiration period of the grants under the 2019 Plan. However, the exercise price of an incentive stock option may not be less than 110% of fair value of the common stock at the date of the grant for a 10% or more shareholder and 100% of fair value for a grantee who is not a 10% shareholder. The fair value of the common stock is determined based on quoted market price or in absence of such quoted market price, by the Board of Directors in good faith. Additionally, the expiration period of grants under the 2019 Plan may not more than ten years. As of June 30, 2019, 558,300 shares were available for future grants under the 2019 Plan.

General

A summary of the stock option activity and related information for the Plans for the six months ended June 30, 2019 is as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on options with an exercise price less than the Company’s closing stock price at the respective dates.

The weighted average fair value of options granted during the three and six months ended 2019 was $1.65 per share and $1.67 per share, respectively. The weighted average fair value of options granted during the three and six months ended 2018 was $32.93 per share and $28.07 per share, respectively.

The Company measures the fair value of stock options on the date of grant, based on the Black Scholes option pricing model using certain assumptions discussed below, and the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. For employees and directors, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date and for non-employees, the fair value of the award is generally re-measured on vesting dates and interim financial reporting dates until the service period is complete. Most stock options granted pursuant to the Plans typically vest 1/3rd 12 months from the date of grant and 1/36th each month thereafter for 24 months and expire ten years from the date of grant. In addition, the Company issues options to directors which vest over a one-year period. In addition, the Company also issues performance-based options to executive officers, which options vest when the target parameters are met, and premium options which have an exercise price greater than the grant date fair value, subject in each case to a one year minimum service period prior to vesting. Stock-based compensation expense related to awards is amortized over the applicable vesting period using the straight-line method.

The assumptions used in the valuation of stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of Daily U.S. Treasury Yield Curve Rates with terms equal to the expected term of the options as of the grant date. The expected term of options is determined using the simplified method, as provided in an SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin,  and the expected stock price volatility is based on the Company’ historical stock price volatility.

 Stock-based compensation expense relating to options granted of $0.4 million and $0.7 million was recognized for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.8 million was recognized for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company had approximately $2.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested awards granted under the Plans, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average period of 2.03 years.

2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On June 8, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holdings Corp. 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2018 ESPP”). As a result of adoption of the 2019 ESPP, as defined below, by the stockholders, no further grants may be made under the 2018 ESPP Plan.

2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On May 3, 2019, the Company’s stockholders approved the Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holdings Corp. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2019 ESPP”).

The 2019 ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase up to an aggregate of 150,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Under the 2019 ESPP, on the first day of each offering period, each eligible employee for that offering period has the option to enroll for that offering period, which allows the eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at the end of the offering period. Each offering period under the 2019 ESPP is for six months, which can be modified from time-to-time. Subject to limitations, each participant will be permitted to purchase a number of shares determined by dividing the employee’s accumulated payroll deductions for the offering period by the applicable purchase price, which is equal to 85 percent of the fair market value of our common stock at the beginning or end of each offering period, whichever is less. A participant must designate in his or her enrollment package the percentage (if any) of compensation to be deducted during that offering period for the purchase of stock under the 2019 ESPP, subject to the statutory limit under the Code. As of June 30, 2019, 150,000 shares were available for future grants under the 2019 ESPP.

 The 2019 and 2018 ESPP are considered compensatory plans with the related compensation cost written off over the six-month offering period. The compensation expense related to the 2019 ESPP for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $24,000 and $0, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, approximately $38,000 of employee payroll deductions, which have been withheld since July 1, 2018, the commencement of the offering period ending December 31, 2018, are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheet. In January 2019, 1,758 shares that were purchased as of December 31, 2018, were issued under the 2018 ESPP, and approximately $3,000 of employee payroll deductions accumulated at December 31, 2018, related to acquiring such shares, was transferred from accrued expenses to additional paid in capital. The remaining $35,000 was returned to the employees. As of June 30, 2019, approximately $45,000 of employee payroll deductions, which have been withheld since January 1, 2019, the commencement of the offering period ending June 30, 2019, are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheet. In August 2019, 23,792 shares that were purchased as of June 30, 2019, were issued under the 2019 ESPP, and approximately $29,000 of employee payroll deductions accumulated at June 30, 2019, related to acquiring such shares, was transferred from accrued expenses to additional paid in capital. The remaining $16,000 will be returned to the employees in Q3 2019.

Restricted Stock Units

In May 2017, a total of 563 RSUs vested that were granted to our non-employee directors for board services in 2016, in lieu of cash, with a one-year vesting from the grant date and a fair value of $229 at the date of grant. 488 shares of the Company’s common stock were issued upon the vesting of such RSU’s during the year ended December 31, 2017. The remaining 75 shares of common stock were issued during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, no stock-based compensation expense related to RSU grants was expensed.